Directing and Substituent Effects in Aromatic Substitution
Learn how different substituents activate or deactivate the benzene ring and influence the position of further substitution.
Why this shows up in the exam
Predicting the major product in aromatic substitution relies on understanding these effects.
How NEET tests this
Practise it
These are real questions from past NEET papers that test this exact idea.
Two product X and Y are formed in the following reaction sequence. + CH₃Cl Anhydr. AlCl₃ W dil. HNO₃ X + Y dil. H₂SO₄ warm The suitable method that can be used for the separation of products X and Y is:
Push further
More challenging2 harder questions built from the past papers above — a step up in difficulty, with distractors designed so you can't get there by elimination. Written and checked by our reviewers, not from a real paper.
Toluene reacts with a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid at 100°C. The major organic products obtained are 2,4-dinitrotoluene and 2,6-dinitrotoluene. Given that 2,4-dinitrotoluene has a melting point of 70°C and 2,6-dinitrotoluene has a melting point of 41°C, which separation technique would be most effective for obtaining pure samples of these two compounds?
More from Hydrocarbons
Reactions and Properties of Alkynes
Learn the preparation, addition, reduction, hydration, acidity, and chemical tests for alkynes, including terminal vs internal alkynes.
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions
Understand the mechanisms, types, and outcomes of electrophilic substitution in benzene, including nitration, halogenation, and Friedel-Crafts reactions.
Reactions and Mechanisms of Alkenes
Master the mechanisms and outcomes of addition, elimination, oxidation, and reduction reactions of alkenes, including Markovnikov and anti-Markovnikov rules.
Structure, Bonding, and Hybridization in Hydrocarbons
Understand the bonding, hybridization, geometry, and resonance in alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and benzene.
Isomerism in Hydrocarbons
Explore structural and geometrical (cis-trans) isomerism in alkenes and related hydrocarbons.
Aromaticity and Structure of Benzene
Study the concept of aromaticity, Hückel's rule, and resonance in benzene and related compounds.