For Class 8, 9 & 10

Master the basics - and everything after gets easier

Concept-first questions with clear model answers in Physics, Chemistry, Maths and Biology, all NCERT-aligned. Start early, build the habit, and walk into your boards, NEET and JEE already ahead.

Interactive lessons

learn by playing

Drag, slide and build - watch each concept come alive, then reveal the answer.

200 interactive lessons

Interactive

Ohm's law

Class 10 Physics

Slide V & R, watch the bulb glow

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pH scale

Class 10 Chemistry

Slide across acids and bases

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Atomic number and mass number

Class 9 Chemistry

Add protons & neutrons, build shells

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Laws of reflection

Class 8 Physics

Change the angle, watch it bounce

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Volume of a sphere

Class 9 Maths

Grow the radius, see the volume

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Area of a trapezium

Class 8 Maths

Drag the sides, read the area

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Power of a lens

Class 10 Physics

Move the object, trace the rays

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Food chain and energy flow

Class 10 Biology

Follow the energy as it flows

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Speed

Class 8 Physics

Slide distance & time, watch the speed

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Density

Class 9 Physics

Pack mass into volume, float or sink

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Work done

Class 9 Physics

Push harder or farther, watch work grow

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Kinetic energy

Class 9 Physics

Speed it up - energy grows with the square

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Power of a lens

Class 10 Physics

Shorten the focal length, boost the power

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Mole concept

Class 9 Chemistry

Weigh out grams, count the moles

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Avogadro's number

Class 9 Chemistry

Add moles, count the particles

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Microscope magnification

Class 8 Biology

Grow the image, read the magnification

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Population density

Class 10 Biology

Add individuals, shrink the land, see crowding

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Simple interest

Class 8 Maths

Slide money, rate & time, watch interest

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Pythagoras theorem

Class 9 Maths

Stretch the two sides, get the hypotenuse

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Probability of an event

Class 10 Maths

Change the outcomes, watch the odds

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Newton's second law

Class 9 Physics

Push a mass, pick an acceleration

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Momentum

Class 9 Physics

Slide mass & velocity, build momentum

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Pressure

Class 8 Physics

Shrink the area, feel the pressure rise

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Weight

Class 9 Physics

Change the planet's gravity, watch your weight

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Refractive index

Class 10 Physics

Slow light in the medium, raise the index

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Resistors in series

Class 10 Physics

Add two resistors in a line

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Mass percentage of a solution

Class 9 Chemistry

Dissolve solute, read the strength

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Concentration of a solution

Class 9 Chemistry

Pack solute into less liquid

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Population change

Class 10 Biology

Balance births against deaths

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Compound microscope

Class 8 Biology

Combine eyepiece & objective lenses

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Area of a circle

Class 8 Maths

Grow the radius, watch the area square

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Volume of a cuboid

Class 8 Maths

Stretch length, breadth & height

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Electronic configuration and valency

Class 9 Chemistry

Slide the atomic number, build the atom

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Homologous series (alkanes)

Class 10 Chemistry

Add carbons, name the compound

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Mass number

Class 9 Chemistry

Add protons & neutrons, get the mass number

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Power

Class 9 Physics

More work in less time = more power

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Potential energy

Class 9 Physics

Lift a mass higher, store energy

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Wave speed

Class 9 Physics

Tune frequency & wavelength, set the speed

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Electric current

Class 10 Physics

Push charge per second, get the current

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Percentage

Class 8 Maths

Compare part to whole as a %

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Electron dot structure

Class 9 Chemistry

Draw valence electrons as dots

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Acceleration

Class 9 Physics

Speed up over time, find acceleration

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Distance, speed and time

Class 8 Physics

Set speed & time, cover the distance

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Frequency and time period

Class 9 Physics

Shorten the period, raise the frequency

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Heating effect of current

Class 10 Physics

Raise the current, watch heating soar

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Area of a triangle

Class 8 Maths

Set base & height, halve the rectangle

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Area of a rectangle

Class 8 Maths

Set length & breadth, fill the area

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Mean (average)

Class 9 Maths

Share the total equally across items

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Discount

Class 8 Maths

Slide price & % off, see the saving

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Heart rate

Class 10 Biology

Set heart rate & time, count the beats

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Resistors in parallel

Class 10 Physics

Wire two resistors side by side

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Electric charge

Class 10 Physics

Flow current over time, collect charge

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Electrical energy and units

Class 10 Physics

Run appliances, add up the units

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Kelvin temperature scale

Class 9 Chemistry

Slide Celsius, read the Kelvin

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Moles from number of particles

Class 9 Chemistry

Divide particles by Avogadro's number

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Ten percent law

Class 10 Biology

See 10% of energy reach the next level

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Area of a square

Class 8 Maths

Grow the side, square the area

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Volume of a cube

Class 8 Maths

Grow the edge, cube the volume

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Circumference of a circle

Class 8 Maths

Grow the radius, roll out the rim

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Surface area of a cube

Class 9 Maths

Grow the edge, cover six faces

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Potential difference

Class 10 Physics

Share work across charge, get volts

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Resistance from Ohm's law

Class 10 Physics

Divide voltage by current, get resistance

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Echo and SONAR

Class 9 Physics

Time the echo, find the distance

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Mass from moles

Class 9 Chemistry

Multiply moles by molar mass

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Breathing rate

Class 10 Biology

Set breathing rate & time

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Volume of a cylinder

Class 10 Maths

Set radius & height, fill the can

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Compound interest

Class 8 Maths

Compound money over years

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Profit and loss percentage

Class 8 Maths

Set cost & selling price, see profit %

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Perimeter of a rectangle

Class 8 Maths

Set length & breadth, walk the border

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Surface area of a sphere

Class 10 Maths

Grow the radius, wrap the ball

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Time period

Class 9 Physics

Raise the frequency, shrink the period

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Relative velocity

Class 9 Physics

Two objects approach - add their speeds

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Average velocity

Class 9 Physics

Average the start and end speeds

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Equations of motion (v = u + at)

Class 9 Physics

Accelerate from u for a time t

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Kelvin to Celsius

Class 9 Chemistry

Slide Kelvin, read the Celsius

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Population growth rate

Class 10 Biology

Balance births vs deaths per population

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Perimeter of a square

Class 8 Maths

Grow the side, walk four edges

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Perimeter of a triangle

Class 8 Maths

Add the three sides

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Area of a parallelogram

Class 8 Maths

Set base & height, slide the shape

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Area of a rhombus

Class 8 Maths

Set the two diagonals

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Equations of motion (distance)

Class 9 Physics

Start, accelerate, cover ground

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Joule's law of heating

Class 10 Physics

Raise current, resistance or time

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Electric power (P = VI)

Class 10 Physics

Multiply voltage by current

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Average atomic mass of isotopes

Class 9 Chemistry

Mix two isotopes by abundance

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Seed germination percentage

Class 9 Biology

Count sprouted seeds out of the total

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Volume of a cone

Class 9 Maths

Set radius & height, fill the cone

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Surface area of a cylinder

Class 9 Maths

Wrap the side and both ends

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Surface area of a cuboid

Class 9 Maths

Cover all six rectangular faces

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nth term of an AP

Class 10 Maths

Step from the first term by d

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Sum of an AP

Class 10 Maths

Add up the first n terms

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Focal length of a mirror

Class 10 Physics

Halve the radius to find the focus

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Speed of light in a medium

Class 10 Physics

Raise the index, slow the light

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Percentage purity

Class 9 Chemistry

Weigh the pure part of a sample

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Slope of a line

Class 10 Maths

Rise over run gives the steepness

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Percentage change

Class 8 Maths

Compare a new value to the old

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Volume of a hemisphere

Class 9 Maths

Grow the radius of half a ball

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Area of a sector

Class 10 Maths

Cut a slice of angle from a circle

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Length of an arc

Class 10 Maths

Measure the curved edge of a slice

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Slant height of a cone

Class 9 Maths

Combine radius & height for the slant

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Unit conversion (km/h to m/s)

Class 9 Physics

Convert km/h into m/s

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Equations of motion (v^2 = u^2 + 2as)

Class 9 Physics

Accelerate over a distance, find v

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Impulse

Class 9 Physics

Hit harder or longer, change momentum

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Wavelength

Class 9 Physics

Speed over frequency gives wavelength

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Oscillations

Class 9 Physics

Vibrate at a frequency for a time

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Cost of electricity

Class 10 Physics

Units times rate gives the bill

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Number of neutrons

Class 9 Chemistry

Take protons away from the mass number

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Curved surface area of a cone

Class 9 Maths

Wrap the slanted side of a cone

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Total surface area of a cone

Class 9 Maths

Add the base circle to the cone's side

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Curved surface area of a hemisphere

Class 9 Maths

Cover the dome of a hemisphere

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Diagonal of a square

Class 9 Maths

Cross a square corner to corner

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Unit conversion (m/s to km/h)

Class 9 Physics

Convert m/s into km/h

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Distance from velocities

Class 9 Physics

From two speeds, find the distance

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Diagonal of a rectangle

Class 9 Maths

Cross a rectangle corner to corner

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Diagonal of a cuboid

Class 9 Maths

The longest rod that fits in a box

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Area by Heron's formula

Class 9 Maths

Area from just the three sides

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Interior angle sum of a polygon

Class 8 Maths

Add up a polygon's inside angles

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Exterior angle of a regular polygon

Class 8 Maths

Share 360 among a polygon's corners

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Number of diagonals of a polygon

Class 8 Maths

Count the diagonals of a polygon

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Discriminant

Class 10 Maths

Test how many roots a quadratic has

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Sum of roots

Class 10 Maths

Sum of a quadratic's roots

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Punnett square (monohybrid cross)

Class 10 Biology

Cross two parents, predict the offspring

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Balancing chemical equations

Class 10 Chemistry

Slide coefficients until atoms balance

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Writing chemical formulae (valency)

Class 9 Chemistry

Criss-cross valencies into a formula

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Current from power

Class 10 Physics

Divide power by voltage for current

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Power (P = V^2 / R)

Class 10 Physics

Voltage squared over resistance

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Sine ratio

Class 10 Maths

Opposite over hypotenuse

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Cosine ratio

Class 10 Maths

Adjacent over hypotenuse

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Tangent ratio

Class 10 Maths

Opposite over adjacent

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Area of an equilateral triangle

Class 9 Maths

Area of an equilateral triangle

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Curved surface area of a cylinder

Class 9 Maths

Wrap only the curved side

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Loss percentage

Class 8 Maths

Sell below cost, find the loss %

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Amount with simple interest

Class 8 Maths

Principal plus its simple interest

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Distance formula

Class 10 Maths

Straight distance between two points

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States of matter

Class 9 Chemistry

Heat particles solid → liquid → gas

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Parts of a plant cell

Class 8 Biology

Tap a cell part to see its job

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Diagonal of a cube

Class 9 Maths

Longest diagonal through a cube

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Total surface area of a hemisphere

Class 9 Maths

Dome plus its flat circle

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Sum of first n natural numbers

Class 10 Maths

Add 1 + 2 + ... + n instantly

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Range of data

Class 9 Maths

Spread from smallest to largest

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Class mark

Class 9 Maths

Midpoint of a class interval

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Selling price from profit percent

Class 8 Maths

Mark up cost by a profit %

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Perimeter of a sector

Class 10 Maths

Two radii plus the curved arc

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Circumference from diameter

Class 8 Maths

Circumference straight from diameter

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Power (P = F x v)

Class 9 Physics

Force times velocity gives power

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Percentage of a number

Class 8 Maths

Find a percentage of a number

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Series and parallel circuits

Class 10 Physics

Break a bulb in series vs parallel

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Symbols of elements

Class 9 Chemistry

Match each element to its symbol

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Free fall (velocity)

Class 9 Physics

Drop from a height, hit this speed

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Free fall (time)

Class 9 Physics

How long a drop takes

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Free fall (distance)

Class 9 Physics

Distance fallen in a given time

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Complement of an event

Class 10 Maths

Chance an event does NOT happen

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Product of roots

Class 10 Maths

Product of a quadratic's roots

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Exterior angle theorem

Class 9 Maths

Exterior angle = sum of remote interiors

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Complementary angles

Class 10 Maths

What adds to 90 degrees

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Supplementary angles

Class 9 Maths

What adds to 180 degrees

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Perimeter of a semicircle

Class 10 Maths

Curved half plus the diameter

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Area of a semicircle

Class 10 Maths

Half the area of a circle

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Turning effect (moments)

Class 9 Physics

Balance the see-saw with moments

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Reflex arc

Class 10 Biology

Step through a reflex, stimulus to action

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Buoyant force (upthrust)

Class 9 Physics

Displace liquid, feel the upthrust

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Relative density

Class 9 Physics

Compare a density to water's

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Power in lifting a load

Class 9 Physics

Lift a load, faster needs more power

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Cosecant ratio

Class 10 Maths

Hypotenuse over opposite

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Secant ratio

Class 10 Maths

Hypotenuse over adjacent

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Cotangent ratio

Class 10 Maths

Adjacent over opposite

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Height from angle of elevation

Class 10 Maths

Height from an angle of elevation

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Area of a quadrant

Class 10 Maths

A quarter of a circle's area

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Interior angle of a regular polygon

Class 8 Maths

One inside angle of a regular polygon

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Sum of first n odd numbers

Class 10 Maths

Add the first n odd numbers

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Sum of first n even numbers

Class 10 Maths

Add the first n even numbers

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Quadratic formula (a root)

Class 10 Maths

Larger root of a quadratic

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LCM from HCF

Class 10 Maths

LCM from the product and HCF

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Depreciation

Class 8 Maths

Value drops by a % each year

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Cost price from selling price

Class 8 Maths

Work back to the cost price

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Downstream speed

Class 8 Maths

Row with the current

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Upstream speed

Class 8 Maths

Row against the current

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Average speed for a round trip

Class 8 Maths

Average speed there and back

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Sales tax / GST

Class 8 Maths

Tax added on a price

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Area of a ring (annulus)

Class 10 Maths

Area of a ring between two circles

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Edge of a cube from volume

Class 9 Maths

Edge back from the volume

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Radius from area

Class 10 Maths

Radius back from a circle's area

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Side from area of a square

Class 8 Maths

Side back from a square's area

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Height of a triangle from area

Class 9 Maths

Height back from area and base

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Rate from simple interest

Class 8 Maths

Rate back from the interest

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Time from simple interest

Class 8 Maths

Time back from the interest

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Principal from simple interest

Class 8 Maths

Principal back from the interest

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Mean proportional

Class 10 Maths

Geometric mean of two numbers

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Fourth proportional

Class 8 Maths

Complete the proportion a : b = c : ?

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Marked price from selling price

Class 8 Maths

Marked price back from the sale price

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Chambers of the human heart

Class 10 Biology

Tap a heart chamber to see its job

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Equation of a line (y = mx + c)

Class 9 Maths

Read y off a straight line

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Average term of an AP

Class 10 Maths

Average of first and last term

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Number of terms in an AP

Class 10 Maths

How many terms in an AP

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Midpoint of two points

Class 10 Maths

x-coordinate of a midpoint

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Empirical mode

Class 10 Maths

Estimate the mode from mean & median

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Length of a shadow

Class 10 Maths

Shadow from height and sun angle

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Train crossing a pole

Class 8 Maths

Speed to cross a pole

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Time and work

Class 8 Maths

More workers, fewer days

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Dividing in a ratio

Class 8 Maths

Split a total in a ratio

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Unitary method

Class 8 Maths

Cost of a single item

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Showing 8 questions in Biology for Class 10. Tap a card to reveal the answer.

BiologyOur Environmentmedium

What is a food chain? State the ten percent law of energy transfer.

Reveal answer ↓

What it is

A food chain shows who eats whom, and only about 10 percent of energy passes to the next level.

Interactive food chain and the ten percent energy lawLion100 kJDeer1,000 kJGrass10,000 kJ↑10%↑10%

Deer gets 10% = 1,000 kJ, the lion just 1% = 100 kJ — 90% is lost as heat at each step.

The 10% law — so little reaches the top that food chains stay short (3–4 links)

Answer

A food chain is a series of organisms through which energy and nutrients pass as one organism eats another, for example grass -> deer -> lion. The ten percent law states that only about 10 percent of the energy at one trophic level is passed on to the next level; the rest is lost mainly as heat. This is why food chains usually have only three or four links.

About 10% energy transferred per trophic level

  • Energy flows: producer -> herbivore -> carnivore
  • Only about 10% of energy passes to the next level
  • The rest is lost as heat
  • Limits food chains to 3-4 links

Why learn this

It explains why top predators are few and why pollutants concentrate up the chain.

💡 Memory trick

Only 10% of energy moves up each step (the '10% law'), so chains are short (3-4 links).

BiologyOur Environmenteasy

If 500 deer live in a 25 km^2 forest, what is the population density? Slide to explore.

Reveal answer ↓

What it is

Population density is the number of individuals living per unit area.

Population density = number ÷ area
Density20.0 per km²

Answer

Population density = number of individuals / area = 500 / 25 = 20 deer per km^2. If the same number of animals had to live in a smaller area, the density - and the competition for food and space - would rise.

population density = number of individuals / area

  • Density = individuals / area
  • Unit: individuals per km^2
  • Smaller area for the same number -> more crowding

Why learn this

It shows how crowded a habitat is and how its resources get shared.

💡 Memory trick

Density = number of individuals / area. Same number in less area -> more crowded.

BiologyOur Environmenteasy

A population of 500 has 60 births and 40 deaths in a year. Find the new population. Slide to explore.

Reveal answer ↓

What it is

A population changes as births add individuals and deaths remove them.

New population = initial + births − deaths
New population520 individuals

Answer

New population = initial + births - deaths = 500 + 60 - 40 = 520. When births exceed deaths the population grows; when deaths exceed births it falls (here we ignore migration).

final = initial + births - deaths

  • New population = initial + births - deaths
  • Births > deaths -> growth
  • Migration is ignored here

Why learn this

It's the basis of how animal and human populations grow or shrink.

💡 Memory trick

New = initial + births - deaths. Births beat deaths -> growth.

BiologyOur Environmenteasy

If a level has 1000 units of energy, how much reaches the next level? Slide to explore.

Reveal answer ↓

What it is

Only about 10% of the energy at one trophic level is passed on to the next level.

Energy passed on = energy × 10 ÷ 100
Passed to next level100 units

Answer

Energy passed on = 10% of the energy = 1000 x 10 / 100 = 100 units. The other 90% is used up in life processes and lost as heat, so less and less energy is available at each higher level.

energy passed on = energy x 10 / 100

  • About 10% passes to the next trophic level
  • Roughly 90% is lost as heat and in life processes
  • This limits the length of food chains

Why learn this

It explains why food chains rarely have more than four or five links.

💡 Memory trick

Next level = energy x 10 / 100. Ninety percent is lost.

BiologyOur Environmentmedium

A population of 500 has 60 births and 40 deaths in a year. Find the growth rate. Slide to explore.

Reveal answer ↓

What it is

The population growth rate is the net change (births minus deaths) expressed as a percentage of the population.

Growth rate % = (births − deaths) ÷ population × 100
Growth rate4.0 % per year

Answer

Growth rate = (births - deaths) / population x 100 = (60 - 40) / 500 x 100 = 4% per year. If deaths exceed births the rate is negative, meaning the population is shrinking.

growth rate % = (births - deaths) / population x 100

  • Growth % = (births - deaths) / population x 100
  • Positive -> growing, negative -> shrinking
  • Ignores migration

Why learn this

It shows how fast a population is expanding or declining.

💡 Memory trick

Growth % = (births - deaths) / population x 100.

BiologyOur Environmentmedium

What is a food chain? Name the trophic levels with an example.

Reveal answer ↓

What it is

A food chain shows the flow of energy from producers to consumers through trophic levels.

Answer

A food chain is a series of organisms through which energy flows as one organism eats another. It begins with producers (green plants) that make their own food, followed by consumers that feed on them. The different steps or feeding levels are called trophic levels: the first trophic level is the producers (grass); the second is herbivores or primary consumers (deer); the third is small carnivores or secondary consumers (snake); and the next is larger carnivores or tertiary consumers (eagle). Energy flows in one direction from one trophic level to the next.

Grass -> deer -> snake -> eagle

  • Food chain: energy flow producer to consumer
  • Producers make their own food (grass)
  • Herbivores -> carnivores (trophic levels)
  • Energy flows in one direction

Why learn this

It shows how energy and matter move through an ecosystem.

💡 Memory trick

Producers -> herbivores -> carnivores; each step is a trophic level.

BiologyOur Environmenthard

State the ten percent law. Why are food chains usually short?

Reveal answer ↓

What it is

Only about 10% of the energy at one trophic level is passed on to the next; the rest is lost mainly as heat.

Answer

The ten percent law, given by Lindeman, states that only about 10 percent of the energy available at one trophic level is transferred to the next higher trophic level; the remaining 90 percent is used by the organisms for their life processes and is lost, mostly as heat, to the environment. Because so much energy is lost at each step, less and less energy is available at higher levels, so food chains usually have only three to five trophic levels and cannot support very many top carnivores.

Energy transferred = 10% of previous level

  • Only about 10% of energy passes to the next level
  • 90% is lost, mostly as heat
  • Energy decreases at each trophic level
  • So food chains are short (3-5 levels)

Why learn this

It explains why food chains rarely have more than four or five levels.

💡 Memory trick

Only 10% moves up each step - 90% is used up or lost as heat.

BiologyOur Environmentmedium

What is the role of decomposers? Why is the ozone layer important?

Reveal answer ↓

What it is

Decomposers break down dead matter and recycle nutrients; the ozone layer shields life from harmful UV rays.

Answer

Decomposers are micro-organisms such as bacteria and fungi that break down the dead remains and waste products of plants and animals into simpler substances. This releases nutrients back into the soil, keeping the environment clean and recycling materials so that the cycle of nutrients continues. The ozone layer, present in the upper atmosphere, is important because it absorbs most of the harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the Sun, protecting living organisms from its damaging effects such as skin cancer. Man-made chemicals called chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) damage the ozone layer.

  • Decomposers: bacteria and fungi
  • Break down dead matter, recycle nutrients
  • Ozone layer absorbs harmful UV rays
  • CFCs damage the ozone layer

Why learn this

Decomposers keep ecosystems clean, and ozone protects living things.

💡 Memory trick

Decomposers = nature's recyclers (bacteria, fungi). Ozone = UV shield; CFCs damage it.

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