For Class 8, 9 & 10

Master the basics - and everything after gets easier

Concept-first questions with clear model answers in Physics, Chemistry, Maths and Biology, all NCERT-aligned. Start early, build the habit, and walk into your boards, NEET and JEE already ahead.

Interactive lessons

learn by playing

Drag, slide and build - watch each concept come alive, then reveal the answer.

200 interactive lessons

Interactive

Ohm's law

Class 10 Physics

Slide V & R, watch the bulb glow

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Interactive

pH scale

Class 10 Chemistry

Slide across acids and bases

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Atomic number and mass number

Class 9 Chemistry

Add protons & neutrons, build shells

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Laws of reflection

Class 8 Physics

Change the angle, watch it bounce

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Volume of a sphere

Class 9 Maths

Grow the radius, see the volume

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Area of a trapezium

Class 8 Maths

Drag the sides, read the area

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Power of a lens

Class 10 Physics

Move the object, trace the rays

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Food chain and energy flow

Class 10 Biology

Follow the energy as it flows

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Speed

Class 8 Physics

Slide distance & time, watch the speed

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Density

Class 9 Physics

Pack mass into volume, float or sink

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Work done

Class 9 Physics

Push harder or farther, watch work grow

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Kinetic energy

Class 9 Physics

Speed it up - energy grows with the square

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Power of a lens

Class 10 Physics

Shorten the focal length, boost the power

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Mole concept

Class 9 Chemistry

Weigh out grams, count the moles

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Avogadro's number

Class 9 Chemistry

Add moles, count the particles

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Microscope magnification

Class 8 Biology

Grow the image, read the magnification

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Population density

Class 10 Biology

Add individuals, shrink the land, see crowding

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Simple interest

Class 8 Maths

Slide money, rate & time, watch interest

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Pythagoras theorem

Class 9 Maths

Stretch the two sides, get the hypotenuse

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Probability of an event

Class 10 Maths

Change the outcomes, watch the odds

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Newton's second law

Class 9 Physics

Push a mass, pick an acceleration

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Momentum

Class 9 Physics

Slide mass & velocity, build momentum

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Pressure

Class 8 Physics

Shrink the area, feel the pressure rise

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Weight

Class 9 Physics

Change the planet's gravity, watch your weight

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Refractive index

Class 10 Physics

Slow light in the medium, raise the index

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Resistors in series

Class 10 Physics

Add two resistors in a line

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Mass percentage of a solution

Class 9 Chemistry

Dissolve solute, read the strength

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Concentration of a solution

Class 9 Chemistry

Pack solute into less liquid

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Population change

Class 10 Biology

Balance births against deaths

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Compound microscope

Class 8 Biology

Combine eyepiece & objective lenses

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Area of a circle

Class 8 Maths

Grow the radius, watch the area square

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Volume of a cuboid

Class 8 Maths

Stretch length, breadth & height

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Electronic configuration and valency

Class 9 Chemistry

Slide the atomic number, build the atom

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Homologous series (alkanes)

Class 10 Chemistry

Add carbons, name the compound

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Mass number

Class 9 Chemistry

Add protons & neutrons, get the mass number

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Power

Class 9 Physics

More work in less time = more power

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Potential energy

Class 9 Physics

Lift a mass higher, store energy

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Wave speed

Class 9 Physics

Tune frequency & wavelength, set the speed

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Electric current

Class 10 Physics

Push charge per second, get the current

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Percentage

Class 8 Maths

Compare part to whole as a %

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Electron dot structure

Class 9 Chemistry

Draw valence electrons as dots

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Acceleration

Class 9 Physics

Speed up over time, find acceleration

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Distance, speed and time

Class 8 Physics

Set speed & time, cover the distance

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Frequency and time period

Class 9 Physics

Shorten the period, raise the frequency

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Heating effect of current

Class 10 Physics

Raise the current, watch heating soar

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Area of a triangle

Class 8 Maths

Set base & height, halve the rectangle

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Area of a rectangle

Class 8 Maths

Set length & breadth, fill the area

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Mean (average)

Class 9 Maths

Share the total equally across items

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Discount

Class 8 Maths

Slide price & % off, see the saving

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Heart rate

Class 10 Biology

Set heart rate & time, count the beats

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Resistors in parallel

Class 10 Physics

Wire two resistors side by side

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Electric charge

Class 10 Physics

Flow current over time, collect charge

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Electrical energy and units

Class 10 Physics

Run appliances, add up the units

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Kelvin temperature scale

Class 9 Chemistry

Slide Celsius, read the Kelvin

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Moles from number of particles

Class 9 Chemistry

Divide particles by Avogadro's number

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Ten percent law

Class 10 Biology

See 10% of energy reach the next level

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Area of a square

Class 8 Maths

Grow the side, square the area

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Volume of a cube

Class 8 Maths

Grow the edge, cube the volume

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Circumference of a circle

Class 8 Maths

Grow the radius, roll out the rim

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Interactive

Surface area of a cube

Class 9 Maths

Grow the edge, cover six faces

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Potential difference

Class 10 Physics

Share work across charge, get volts

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Resistance from Ohm's law

Class 10 Physics

Divide voltage by current, get resistance

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Echo and SONAR

Class 9 Physics

Time the echo, find the distance

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Mass from moles

Class 9 Chemistry

Multiply moles by molar mass

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Breathing rate

Class 10 Biology

Set breathing rate & time

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Volume of a cylinder

Class 10 Maths

Set radius & height, fill the can

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Compound interest

Class 8 Maths

Compound money over years

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Profit and loss percentage

Class 8 Maths

Set cost & selling price, see profit %

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Perimeter of a rectangle

Class 8 Maths

Set length & breadth, walk the border

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Surface area of a sphere

Class 10 Maths

Grow the radius, wrap the ball

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Time period

Class 9 Physics

Raise the frequency, shrink the period

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Relative velocity

Class 9 Physics

Two objects approach - add their speeds

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Average velocity

Class 9 Physics

Average the start and end speeds

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Equations of motion (v = u + at)

Class 9 Physics

Accelerate from u for a time t

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Kelvin to Celsius

Class 9 Chemistry

Slide Kelvin, read the Celsius

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Population growth rate

Class 10 Biology

Balance births vs deaths per population

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Perimeter of a square

Class 8 Maths

Grow the side, walk four edges

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Perimeter of a triangle

Class 8 Maths

Add the three sides

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Area of a parallelogram

Class 8 Maths

Set base & height, slide the shape

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Area of a rhombus

Class 8 Maths

Set the two diagonals

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Equations of motion (distance)

Class 9 Physics

Start, accelerate, cover ground

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Joule's law of heating

Class 10 Physics

Raise current, resistance or time

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Electric power (P = VI)

Class 10 Physics

Multiply voltage by current

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Average atomic mass of isotopes

Class 9 Chemistry

Mix two isotopes by abundance

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Interactive

Seed germination percentage

Class 9 Biology

Count sprouted seeds out of the total

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Volume of a cone

Class 9 Maths

Set radius & height, fill the cone

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Surface area of a cylinder

Class 9 Maths

Wrap the side and both ends

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Surface area of a cuboid

Class 9 Maths

Cover all six rectangular faces

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nth term of an AP

Class 10 Maths

Step from the first term by d

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Sum of an AP

Class 10 Maths

Add up the first n terms

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Focal length of a mirror

Class 10 Physics

Halve the radius to find the focus

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Speed of light in a medium

Class 10 Physics

Raise the index, slow the light

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Percentage purity

Class 9 Chemistry

Weigh the pure part of a sample

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Slope of a line

Class 10 Maths

Rise over run gives the steepness

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Percentage change

Class 8 Maths

Compare a new value to the old

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Volume of a hemisphere

Class 9 Maths

Grow the radius of half a ball

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Area of a sector

Class 10 Maths

Cut a slice of angle from a circle

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Length of an arc

Class 10 Maths

Measure the curved edge of a slice

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Slant height of a cone

Class 9 Maths

Combine radius & height for the slant

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Unit conversion (km/h to m/s)

Class 9 Physics

Convert km/h into m/s

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Equations of motion (v^2 = u^2 + 2as)

Class 9 Physics

Accelerate over a distance, find v

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Impulse

Class 9 Physics

Hit harder or longer, change momentum

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Wavelength

Class 9 Physics

Speed over frequency gives wavelength

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Oscillations

Class 9 Physics

Vibrate at a frequency for a time

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Cost of electricity

Class 10 Physics

Units times rate gives the bill

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Number of neutrons

Class 9 Chemistry

Take protons away from the mass number

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Curved surface area of a cone

Class 9 Maths

Wrap the slanted side of a cone

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Total surface area of a cone

Class 9 Maths

Add the base circle to the cone's side

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Curved surface area of a hemisphere

Class 9 Maths

Cover the dome of a hemisphere

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Diagonal of a square

Class 9 Maths

Cross a square corner to corner

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Unit conversion (m/s to km/h)

Class 9 Physics

Convert m/s into km/h

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Distance from velocities

Class 9 Physics

From two speeds, find the distance

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Diagonal of a rectangle

Class 9 Maths

Cross a rectangle corner to corner

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Diagonal of a cuboid

Class 9 Maths

The longest rod that fits in a box

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Area by Heron's formula

Class 9 Maths

Area from just the three sides

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Interior angle sum of a polygon

Class 8 Maths

Add up a polygon's inside angles

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Exterior angle of a regular polygon

Class 8 Maths

Share 360 among a polygon's corners

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Number of diagonals of a polygon

Class 8 Maths

Count the diagonals of a polygon

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Discriminant

Class 10 Maths

Test how many roots a quadratic has

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Sum of roots

Class 10 Maths

Sum of a quadratic's roots

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Punnett square (monohybrid cross)

Class 10 Biology

Cross two parents, predict the offspring

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Balancing chemical equations

Class 10 Chemistry

Slide coefficients until atoms balance

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Writing chemical formulae (valency)

Class 9 Chemistry

Criss-cross valencies into a formula

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Current from power

Class 10 Physics

Divide power by voltage for current

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Power (P = V^2 / R)

Class 10 Physics

Voltage squared over resistance

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Sine ratio

Class 10 Maths

Opposite over hypotenuse

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Cosine ratio

Class 10 Maths

Adjacent over hypotenuse

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Tangent ratio

Class 10 Maths

Opposite over adjacent

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Area of an equilateral triangle

Class 9 Maths

Area of an equilateral triangle

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Curved surface area of a cylinder

Class 9 Maths

Wrap only the curved side

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Loss percentage

Class 8 Maths

Sell below cost, find the loss %

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Amount with simple interest

Class 8 Maths

Principal plus its simple interest

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Distance formula

Class 10 Maths

Straight distance between two points

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States of matter

Class 9 Chemistry

Heat particles solid → liquid → gas

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Parts of a plant cell

Class 8 Biology

Tap a cell part to see its job

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Diagonal of a cube

Class 9 Maths

Longest diagonal through a cube

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Total surface area of a hemisphere

Class 9 Maths

Dome plus its flat circle

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Sum of first n natural numbers

Class 10 Maths

Add 1 + 2 + ... + n instantly

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Range of data

Class 9 Maths

Spread from smallest to largest

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Class mark

Class 9 Maths

Midpoint of a class interval

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Selling price from profit percent

Class 8 Maths

Mark up cost by a profit %

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Perimeter of a sector

Class 10 Maths

Two radii plus the curved arc

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Circumference from diameter

Class 8 Maths

Circumference straight from diameter

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Power (P = F x v)

Class 9 Physics

Force times velocity gives power

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Percentage of a number

Class 8 Maths

Find a percentage of a number

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Series and parallel circuits

Class 10 Physics

Break a bulb in series vs parallel

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Symbols of elements

Class 9 Chemistry

Match each element to its symbol

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Free fall (velocity)

Class 9 Physics

Drop from a height, hit this speed

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Free fall (time)

Class 9 Physics

How long a drop takes

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Free fall (distance)

Class 9 Physics

Distance fallen in a given time

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Complement of an event

Class 10 Maths

Chance an event does NOT happen

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Product of roots

Class 10 Maths

Product of a quadratic's roots

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Exterior angle theorem

Class 9 Maths

Exterior angle = sum of remote interiors

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Complementary angles

Class 10 Maths

What adds to 90 degrees

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Supplementary angles

Class 9 Maths

What adds to 180 degrees

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Perimeter of a semicircle

Class 10 Maths

Curved half plus the diameter

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Area of a semicircle

Class 10 Maths

Half the area of a circle

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Turning effect (moments)

Class 9 Physics

Balance the see-saw with moments

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Reflex arc

Class 10 Biology

Step through a reflex, stimulus to action

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Buoyant force (upthrust)

Class 9 Physics

Displace liquid, feel the upthrust

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Relative density

Class 9 Physics

Compare a density to water's

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Power in lifting a load

Class 9 Physics

Lift a load, faster needs more power

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Cosecant ratio

Class 10 Maths

Hypotenuse over opposite

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Secant ratio

Class 10 Maths

Hypotenuse over adjacent

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Cotangent ratio

Class 10 Maths

Adjacent over opposite

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Height from angle of elevation

Class 10 Maths

Height from an angle of elevation

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Area of a quadrant

Class 10 Maths

A quarter of a circle's area

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Interior angle of a regular polygon

Class 8 Maths

One inside angle of a regular polygon

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Sum of first n odd numbers

Class 10 Maths

Add the first n odd numbers

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Sum of first n even numbers

Class 10 Maths

Add the first n even numbers

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Quadratic formula (a root)

Class 10 Maths

Larger root of a quadratic

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LCM from HCF

Class 10 Maths

LCM from the product and HCF

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Depreciation

Class 8 Maths

Value drops by a % each year

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Cost price from selling price

Class 8 Maths

Work back to the cost price

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Downstream speed

Class 8 Maths

Row with the current

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Upstream speed

Class 8 Maths

Row against the current

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Average speed for a round trip

Class 8 Maths

Average speed there and back

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Sales tax / GST

Class 8 Maths

Tax added on a price

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Area of a ring (annulus)

Class 10 Maths

Area of a ring between two circles

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Edge of a cube from volume

Class 9 Maths

Edge back from the volume

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Radius from area

Class 10 Maths

Radius back from a circle's area

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Side from area of a square

Class 8 Maths

Side back from a square's area

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Height of a triangle from area

Class 9 Maths

Height back from area and base

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Rate from simple interest

Class 8 Maths

Rate back from the interest

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Time from simple interest

Class 8 Maths

Time back from the interest

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Principal from simple interest

Class 8 Maths

Principal back from the interest

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Mean proportional

Class 10 Maths

Geometric mean of two numbers

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Fourth proportional

Class 8 Maths

Complete the proportion a : b = c : ?

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Marked price from selling price

Class 8 Maths

Marked price back from the sale price

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Chambers of the human heart

Class 10 Biology

Tap a heart chamber to see its job

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Equation of a line (y = mx + c)

Class 9 Maths

Read y off a straight line

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Average term of an AP

Class 10 Maths

Average of first and last term

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Number of terms in an AP

Class 10 Maths

How many terms in an AP

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Midpoint of two points

Class 10 Maths

x-coordinate of a midpoint

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Empirical mode

Class 10 Maths

Estimate the mode from mean & median

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Length of a shadow

Class 10 Maths

Shadow from height and sun angle

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Train crossing a pole

Class 8 Maths

Speed to cross a pole

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Time and work

Class 8 Maths

More workers, fewer days

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Dividing in a ratio

Class 8 Maths

Split a total in a ratio

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Unitary method

Class 8 Maths

Cost of a single item

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Showing 53 questions in Physics for Class 10. Tap a card to reveal the answer.

PhysicsLight - Reflection and Refractioneasy

Why does a ray of light bend when it passes from air into glass?

Reveal answer ↓

What it is

Light bends (refracts) when its speed changes on moving between media of different densities.

Answer

Light bends because its speed changes when it moves from one medium to another. Glass is optically denser than air, so light slows down on entering glass and bends towards the normal. This bending of light due to a change in speed is called refraction.

n = speed in vacuum / speed in medium = c/v

  • •Speed of light changes between media
  • •Denser medium -> bends towards the normal
  • •Governed by refractive index n = c/v

Why learn this

It's why lenses, spectacles, cameras and your own eye can focus - the basis of all optics.

💡 Memory trick

Enter a denser medium -> slow down -> bend TOWARDS the normal (like a car hitting mud).

PhysicsLight - Reflection and Refractionmedium

State the mirror formula and the sign convention used for a concave mirror.

Reveal answer ↓

What it is

The mirror formula links focal length, object distance and image distance for a curved mirror.

Answer

The mirror formula relates focal length f, image distance v and object distance u as 1/f = 1/v + 1/u. By the New Cartesian sign convention, distances are measured from the pole; distances measured against the incident light (to the left) are negative, so for a concave mirror f and u are negative, and a real image distance v is also negative.

1/f = 1/v + 1/u ; m = -v/u

  • •1/f = 1/v + 1/u
  • •Distances measured from the pole (P)
  • •Concave mirror focal length is negative
  • •Magnification m = -v/u = h'/h

Why learn this

It's how we design car mirrors, telescopes, torches and a dentist's mirror.

💡 Memory trick

1/f = 1/v + 1/u. In New Cartesian signs, left-of-mirror distances are negative.

PhysicsElectricityeasy

State Ohm's law and define electrical resistance.

Reveal answer ↓

What it is

For a conductor at steady temperature, voltage = current x resistance (V = IR).

Interactive Ohm's law circuit+V = 6 VR

I = V / R = 6 / 3 = 2.00 A

Ohm's law — more volts brighten the bulb, more resistance dims it (I = V/R)

Answer

Ohm's law states that, at constant temperature, the current I through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference V across it, so V = IR. Resistance R is the property of a conductor that opposes the flow of current; it is the ratio of potential difference to current, R = V/I, measured in ohm.

V = IR ; R = V/I

  • •V is proportional to I at constant temperature
  • •V = IR
  • •R = V/I, unit ohm
  • •Resistance opposes current flow

Why learn this

It's the single most-used rule in all electrical and electronics engineering.

💡 Memory trick

V = IR - the 'VIR' triangle: cover the one you want to find.

PhysicsElectricitymedium

A current of 2 A flows through a 5 ohm resistor. Find the potential difference across it and the power dissipated.

Reveal answer ↓

What it is

Electric power is the rate of using electrical energy: P = VI (also I^2 R or V^2 / R).

Answer

Using Ohm's law, V = IR = 2 x 5 = 10 V. Power dissipated P = VI = 10 x 2 = 20 W (equivalently P = I^2 R = 4 x 5 = 20 W).

V = IR ; P = VI = I^2 R = V^2 / R

  • •V = IR = 10 V
  • •P = VI = 20 W
  • •Check: P = I^2 R = 20 W

Why learn this

It's what your electricity bill charges for and why a heater draws far more than a phone charger.

💡 Memory trick

P = VI. If you know current and resistance, use P = I^2 R ('I-squared-R heating').

PhysicsMagnetic Effects of Electric Currenteasy

State the right-hand thumb rule for the magnetic field around a straight current-carrying wire.

Reveal answer ↓

What it is

A current in a straight wire creates circular magnetic field lines around it.

Answer

If you hold the straight conductor in your right hand with the thumb pointing in the direction of the current, the curled fingers show the direction of the concentric circular magnetic field lines around the wire.

  • •Thumb -> direction of current
  • •Curled fingers -> direction of field
  • •Field lines are concentric circles around the wire

Why learn this

It's the principle behind electromagnets, electric motors, bells and MRI machines.

💡 Memory trick

Right hand: thumb = current, curled fingers = the circular magnetic field.

PhysicsLight - Reflection and Refractionmedium

A convex lens has a focal length of 25 cm. Find its power.

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PhysicsThe Human Eye and the Colourful Worldmedium

Why does the clear sky appear blue?

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PhysicsElectricitymedium

How is the total resistance calculated for resistors joined in series and in parallel?

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PhysicsThe Human Eye and the Colourful Worldmedium

Why does the clear sky appear blue?

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PhysicsMagnetic Effects of Electric Currentmedium

What is electromagnetic induction, and how can the induced current be increased?

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PhysicsLight - Reflection and Refractionmedium

A convex lens has a focal length of 0.5 m. Find its power. Slide the focal length to explore.

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PhysicsLight - Reflection and Refractionmedium

Light slows to 2 x 10^8 m/s in a medium (c = 3 x 10^8 m/s). Find the refractive index. Slide to explore.

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PhysicsElectricityeasy

Two resistors of 10 ohm and 20 ohm are connected in series. Find the total resistance. Slide to explore.

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PhysicsElectricityeasy

30 C of charge flows past a point in 60 s. Find the current. Slide to explore.

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PhysicsElectricitymedium

A current of 2 A flows through a 5 ohm resistor. Find the power dissipated. Slide to explore.

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PhysicsElectricitymedium

Two resistors of 10 ohm and 20 ohm are connected in parallel. Find the total resistance. Slide to explore.

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PhysicsElectricityeasy

A current of 2 A flows for 30 s. How much charge passes? Slide to explore.

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PhysicsElectricitymedium

A 1000 W heater runs for 5 hours. How many units (kWh) does it use? Slide to explore.

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PhysicsElectricitymedium

60 J of work moves 5 C of charge between two points. Find the potential difference. Slide to explore.

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PhysicsElectricityeasy

A voltage of 12 V drives a current of 2 A. Find the resistance. Slide to explore.

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PhysicsElectricitymedium

Find the heat produced by a 2 A current in a 5 ohm resistor for 10 s. Slide to explore.

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PhysicsElectricityeasy

A device runs at 12 V and draws 2 A. Find its power. Slide to explore.

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PhysicsLight - Reflection and Refractioneasy

A spherical mirror has a radius of curvature of 40 cm. Find its focal length. Slide to explore.

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PhysicsLight - Reflection and Refractionmedium

How fast does light travel in glass (n = 1.5), given c = 3 x 10^8 m/s? Slide to explore.

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PhysicsElectricityeasy

A home uses 100 units at 6 rupees per unit. Find the bill. Slide the values to explore.

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PhysicsElectricityeasy

A 1100 W appliance runs on 220 V. What current does it draw? Slide to explore.

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PhysicsElectricitymedium

Find the power of a 484 ohm element on 220 V. Slide to explore.

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PhysicsElectricitymedium

What happens to the other bulb when one bulb fails, in series versus parallel? Flip the wiring and break a bulb to explore.

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PhysicsLight - Reflection and Refractioneasy

List the characteristics of an image formed by a plane mirror.

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PhysicsLight - Reflection and Refractionmedium

State one use each of a concave and a convex mirror, with a reason.

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PhysicsLight - Reflection and Refractionhard

An object is placed 30 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 20 cm. Find the image distance.

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PhysicsLight - Reflection and Refractionmedium

Define refractive index. What does a refractive index of 1.5 for glass mean?

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PhysicsLight - Reflection and Refractionmedium

Differentiate between a convex and a concave lens and give one use of each.

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PhysicsLight - Reflection and Refractionhard

An object is placed 15 cm from a convex lens of focal length 10 cm. Find the image distance.

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PhysicsLight - Reflection and Refractionmedium

Find the power of a convex lens of focal length 25 cm.

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PhysicsThe Human Eye and the Colourful Worldmedium

Name the main parts of the human eye and their functions.

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PhysicsThe Human Eye and the Colourful Worldmedium

What is the power of accommodation of the eye?

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PhysicsThe Human Eye and the Colourful Worldmedium

What is myopia? State its cause and correction.

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PhysicsThe Human Eye and the Colourful Worldmedium

What is hypermetropia and how is it corrected? What is presbyopia?

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PhysicsThe Human Eye and the Colourful Worldmedium

What is dispersion of light? Why does it occur?

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PhysicsThe Human Eye and the Colourful Worldmedium

Why is the sky blue and the Sun reddish at sunrise and sunset?

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PhysicsElectricityeasy

Define electric current and potential difference, and state their SI units.

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PhysicsElectricitymedium

State Ohm's law. A 12 V battery drives a current of 3 A through a resistor. Find its resistance.

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PhysicsElectricitymedium

On what factors does the resistance of a conductor depend?

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PhysicsElectricitymedium

Three resistors of 2 ohm, 3 ohm and 5 ohm are connected in series. Find the total resistance.

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PhysicsElectricityhard

Two resistors of 6 ohm and 3 ohm are connected in parallel. Find the equivalent resistance.

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PhysicsElectricitymedium

State Joule's law of heating. Find the heat produced in a 10 ohm resistor carrying 2 A for 30 s.

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PhysicsElectricitymedium

An electric bulb is rated 60 W, 240 V. Find the current it draws and its resistance.

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PhysicsMagnetic Effects of Electric Currenteasy

What is a magnetic field? State two properties of magnetic field lines.

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PhysicsMagnetic Effects of Electric Currentmedium

State the right-hand thumb rule for the magnetic field due to a straight current-carrying conductor.

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PhysicsMagnetic Effects of Electric Currentmedium

State Fleming's left-hand rule and name one device based on it.

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PhysicsMagnetic Effects of Electric Currenthard

What is electromagnetic induction? State Fleming's right-hand rule.

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PhysicsMagnetic Effects of Electric Currentmedium

What is the function of a fuse and of the earth wire in a domestic circuit?

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